Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2016). Online report card: Tracking online education in the United States. Retrieved from http://onlinelearningsurvey.com/reports/onlinereportcard.pdf
Anderson, T. (2004). Towards a theory of online learning. In T. Anderson & F. Elloumi (Eds.), Theory and practice of online learning (p. 472). Edmonton, Alberta: Athabasca University Press.
Google Scholar
Aparicio, M., Bacao, F., & Oliveira, T. (2016). An e-learning theoretical framework. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 19(1), 292–307.
Google Scholar
Armellini, A., & De Stefani, M. (2015). Social presence in the 21st century: An adjustment to the Community of Inquiry framework. British Journal of Educational Technology, 47(6), 1202–1216. doi:10.1111/bjet.12302.
Article
Google Scholar
Atkins, S. (2013). Ambient Insight Whitepaper. The 2012 boom in learning technology investment. Retrieved from http://www.ambientinsight.com/Resources/Documents/AmbientInsight-2012-Learning-Technology-Investment-Patterns.pdf
Beetham, H., & Sharpe, R. (2007). Rethinking pedagogy for a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Bencze, J. L. (2008). Science & Technology Learning Cycles: Teaching and learning based on constructivist learning principles. Retrieved from http://webspace.oise.utoronto.ca/~benczela/Constructivist_SandTed.html
Bivens, F., & Taylor, P. (2008). Learning Democracy through dialogue: Reimagining the potential of higher education institutions to support processes of positive social change. Paper presented at the Learning Democracy by Doing Alternative Practices in Citizenship Learning and Participatory Democracy Transformative Learning Centre Conference, OISE/UT, Toronto, Canada.
Chen, G., Wang, C., Yang, S., Lu, W., & Chang, C. (2013). Digital learning playground: supporting authentic learning experiences in the classroom. Interactive Learning Environments, 21(2), 172–183. doi:10.1080/10494820.2012.705856.
Article
Google Scholar
Conference Board of Canada. (2016). Employability Skills 2000+. Retrieved from http://www.conferenceboard.ca/topics/education/learning-tools/employability-skills.aspx
Contact North. (2016). Studyonline.ca: Contact North Online Learning. Retrieved from http://studyonline.ca/
Coomey, M., & Stephenson, J. (2001). Online learning: It is all about dialogue, involvement, support and control–according to the research. In J. Stephenson (Ed.), Teaching and learning online: Pedagogies for new technologies (pp. 37–52). London: Kogan Page.
Google Scholar
Coppedge, M., Lindberg, S., Skaaning, S.-E., & Teorell, J. (2016). Measuring high level democratic principles using the V-Dem data. International Political Science Review, 37(5), 580–593. doi:10.1177/0192512115622046.
Article
Google Scholar
Dalsgaard, C., & Paulsen, M. F. (2009). Transparency in cooperative online education. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 10(3), 1–13. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v10i3.671
Desjardins, F. J. & vanOostveen, R. (2008a). Implementing PBL online as a collaborative learning strategy for teachers: The COLE. In Proceedings of The Eleventh IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education (pp. 85–89). Crete: Acta Press.
Desjardins, F. J. & vanOostveen, R. (2008b). Collaborative Online Learning Environment: Towards a process driven approach and collective knowledge building. In Proceedings of the Ed-Media Conference on Education Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications (pp. 2563–2570). Vienna: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
Desjardins, F. J. & vanOostveen, R. (2015). Faculty and student use of digital technology in a “laptop” university. Paper presented at the Ed-Media 2015 World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Desjardins, F. J. (2005). Information and communication technology in education: A competency profile of francophone secondary school teachers in Ontario. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology/La revue canadienne de l’apprentissage et de la technologie, 31(1), 1–14.
MathSciNet
Google Scholar
Desjardins, F. J., Davidson, A.-L., Blayone, T., vanOostveen, R., & Childs, E. (2015). General Technology Competency and Use: Foundations. Retrieved from http://eilab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/GTCU-Poster-V2-2000px.jpg
Desjardins, F. J., Lacasse, R., & Belair, L. M. (2001). Toward a definition of four orders of competency for the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in education. Paper presented at the Computers and Advanced Technology in Education, Banff, Canada.
Dewey, J. (1897). My pedagogical creed. School Journal, 54(3), 77–80.
Google Scholar
Dewey, J. (1933). How we think: A restatement of the relation of reflective thinking to the educative process. Boston: D.C. Heath.
Google Scholar
Edmundson, A. (Ed.). (2007). Globalized e-learning cultural challenges. Hershey: Information Science Publishing.
Google Scholar
Eshet-Alkalai, Y., & Amichai-Hamburger, Y. (2004). Experiments in digital literacy. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(4), 421–429.
Article
Google Scholar
Ewert, G. D. (1991). Habermas and education: A comprehensive overview of the influence of Habermas in educational literature. Review of Educational Research, 61(3), 345–378.
Article
Google Scholar
Flint, N. R. A., & Johnson, B. (2011). Towards fairer university assessment recognizing the concerns of students. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Garrison, D. R. (2011). E-learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice (2nd ed.). New York: Taylor & Francis.
Google Scholar
Garrison, D. R. (2013). Theoretical foundations and epistemological insights of the community of inquiry. In Z. Akyol & D. R. Garrison (Eds.), Educational communities of inquiry: Theoretical framework, research and practice (pp. 1–11). Hershey: Information Science Reference.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Garrison, D. R. (2016). Thinking collaboratively: Learning in a community of inquiry. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2000). Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(2), 87–105. doi:10.1016/s1096-7516(00)00016-6.
Google Scholar
Garrison, D. R., Cleveland-Innes, M., Koole, M., & Kappelman, J. (2006). Revisiting methodological issues in transcript analysis: Negotiated coding and reliability. The Internet and Higher Education, 9(1), 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2005.11.001.
Article
Google Scholar
Gaventa, J. (2006). Triumph, deficit or contestation? Deepening the ‘Deepening Democracy’ debate. IDS Working Paper in conjunction with LogoLink and the Citizenship DRC. Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Goodfellow, R., & Lamy, M.-N. (2009). Learning cultures in online education. London: Continuum.
Google Scholar
Grant, C. A., & Gibson, M. L. (2013). “The path of social justice”: A human rights history of social justice education. Equity & Excellence in Education, 46(1), 81–99. doi:10.1080/10665684.2012.750190.
Article
Google Scholar
Gunawardena, C. N. (1995). Social presence theory and implications for interaction and collaborative learning in computer conferences. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 1(2/3), 147–166.
Google Scholar
Gunawardena, C. N. (2014). Globalization, culture, and online distance learning. In O. Zawacki-Richter & T. Anderson (Eds.), Online distance education: Towards a research agenda (pp. 75–107). Edmonton, AB: AU Press, Athabasca University.
Google Scholar
Gunawardena, C. N., Wilson, P. L., & Nolla, A. C. (2003). Culture and online education. In M. G. Moore & W. G. Anderson (Eds.), Handbook of distance education (3rd ed., pp. 753–775). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Google Scholar
Halpern, D., & Gibbs, J. (2013). Social media as a catalyst for online deliberation? Exploring the affordances of Facebook and YouTube for political expression. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 1159–1168. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.10.008.
Article
Google Scholar
Hellwig, W., & Lipenkowa, J. (2007). Ukraine. In W. Horner, H. Dobert, B. von Kopp, & W. Mitter (Eds.), The education systems of Europe (pp. 808–825). Dordrecht: Springer.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Herrington, J. & Herrington, A. (1998). Authentic assessment and multi-media: how university students response to a model of authentic assessment. Higher Education Research & Development, 17(3), 305–322. doi: 10:1080/0729436980170304
Herrington, J., & Parker, J. (2013). Emerging technologies as cognitive tools for authentic learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(4), 607–615. doi:10.1111/bjet.12048.
Article
Google Scholar
Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C., & Oliver, R. (2006). Authentic tasks online: A synergy among learner, task, and technology. Distance Education, 27(2), 233–247. doi:10.1080/01587910600789639.
Article
Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1986). Cultural differences in teaching and learning. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10(3), 301–320.
Article
Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications.
Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 1–26. doi:10.9707/2307-0919.1014.
Article
Google Scholar
Hrastinski, S. (2008). Asynchronous and synchronous e-learning. Educause Quarterly, 31(4), 51–55.
Google Scholar
Jézégou, A. (2010). Community of Inquiry in e-learning: A critical analysis of the Garrison and Anderson model. International Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education, 24(3), 1–12.
Google Scholar
Johnson, M., & Liber, O. (2008). The Personal Learning Environment and the human conditions: From theory to teaching practice. Interactive Learning Environments, 16(1), 3–15. doi:10.1080/10494820701772652.
Article
Google Scholar
Jones, A., & Graham, L. (2015). Democratizing higher education learning: A case study of networked classroom research. International HETL Review, 5, 1–18.
Google Scholar
Kearney, M., Schuck, S., Burden, K., & Aubusson, P. (2012). Viewing mobile learning from a pedagogical perspective. Research in Learning Technology, 20, 1–17. doi:10.3402/rlt.v20i0.14406.
Article
Google Scholar
Knobloch, K. R., Gastil, J., Reedy, J., & Cramer Walsh, K. (2013). Did they deliberate? Applying an evaluative model of democratic deliberation to the Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Review. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 41(2), 105–125. doi:10.1080/00909882.2012.760746.
Article
Google Scholar
Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., III, et al. (2005). The adult learner. San Diego: Elsevier.
Google Scholar
Kutsyuruba, B. (2011). Education in the period of post-Soviet transition in Ukraine. Demokratizatsiya, 19(3), 287–309.
Google Scholar
Kutsyuruba, B., & Kovalchuk, S. (2015). Stated or actual in policy terrain? Review of the literature on the Bologna process implementation within the context of teacher education in Ukraine. Journal of Ukrainian Politics and Society, 1(1), 33–57.
Google Scholar
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Google Scholar
Layne, M., & Ice, P. (2014). Merging the best of both worlds: Introducing CoI-TLP model. In B. Sutton & A. Basiel (Eds.), Teaching and learning online: New models of learning for a connected world (Vol. 2, pp. 3–20). New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Levin, B. (2000). Putting students at the centre in education reform. Journal of Educational Change, 1(2), 155–172. doi:10.1023/A:1010024225888.
Article
Google Scholar
Lipman, M. (2003). Thinking in education (2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Book
Google Scholar
Löwy, I. (1990). The strength of loose concepts-boundary concepts, federative experimental strategies and disciplinary growth: The case of immunology. History of Science, 30(90), 371–396.
Google Scholar
McCarthy, G. (2013). Authentic assessment—key to learning. In E. Doyle, P. Buckley, & C. Carroll (Eds.), Innovative Business School Teaching—Engaging the Millennial Generation (pp. 81–92). United Kingdom: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions in adult learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Google Scholar
Miller, M. D. (2014). Minds online: Teaching effectively with technology. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Book
Google Scholar
Minkov, M. (2012). Cross-cultural analysis: The science and art of comparing the world’s modern societies and their cultures. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Google Scholar
Moore, M. G. (1993). Theory of transactional distance. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical principles of distance education. New York: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Morgan, T. (2011). Online classroom or community-in-the-making? Instructor conceptualizations and teaching presence in international online contexts. Journal of Distance Education (Online), 25(1), 1–14.
MathSciNet
Google Scholar
Mykhailenko, O., Blayone, T., & VanOostveen, R. (2016). Exploring democratized learning and dimensions of culture for educational transformation in Ukraine. Paper presented at the RIDRU Conference Higher Education Reforms in Post-Maidan Ukraine, Alberta, Canada.
Noldus Information Technology. (2016). Noldus: Innovative solutions for behavioural research. Retrieved from http://www.noldus.com
Palalas, A., Berezin, N., Gunawardena, C., & Kramer, G. (2015). A design based research framework for implementing a transnational mobile and blended learning solution. International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning, 7(4), 57–74. doi:10.4018/IJMBL.2015100104.
Article
Google Scholar
Parris, D. L., & Peachey, J. W. (2013). A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts. Journal of Business Ethics, 113(3), 377–393. doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1322-6.
Article
Google Scholar
Paulsen, M. F. (2008). Cooperative online education. Seminar.net: International Journal of Media, Technology and Lifelong Learning, N(N), 4(2), 1–20.
Paulsen, M. F. (2003). Online education and learning management systems—Global e-learning in a Scandinavian perspective. Bekkestua: NKI Forlaget.
Google Scholar
Popper, K. R. (1978). Three worlds. Paper presented at the The Tanner Lecture on Human Values, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. http://tannerlectures.utah.edu/_documents/a-to-z/p/popper80.pdf.
Google Scholar
Richardson, J. C., Arbaugh, J. B., Cleveland-Innes, M., Ice, P., Swan, K. P., & Garrison, D. R. (2012). Using the community of inquiry framework to inform effective instructional design. In L. Moller & J. B. Huett (Eds.), The next generation of distance education: Unconstrained learning (pp. 97–125). New York: Springer.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Rockinson-Szapkiw, A., & Wendt, J. (2015). Technologies that assist in online group work: A comparison of synchronous and asynchronous computer mediated communication technologies on students’ learning and community. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 24(3), 263–279.
Google Scholar
Rourke, L., & Anderson, T. (2004). Validity in quantitative content analysis. Educational Technology Research and Development, 52(1), 5–18. doi:10.1007/bf02504769.
Article
Google Scholar
Rourke, L., Anderson, T., Garrison, D. R., & Archer, W. (1999). Assessing social presence in asynchronous text-based computer conferencing. Journal of Distance Education, 14(2), 50–71.
Google Scholar
Rourke, L., Anderson, T., Garrison, D. R., & Archer, W. (2001). Methodological issues in the content analysis of computer conference transcripts. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 12, 8–22.
Google Scholar
Rovai, A. P. (2002a). Building sense of community at a distance. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 3(1), 1–16. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v3i1.79
Rovai, A. P. (2002a). Sense of community, perceived cognitive learning, and persistence in asynchronous learning networks. The Internet and Higher Education, 5(4), 319–332. doi:10.1016/s1096-7516(02)00130-6.
Article
Google Scholar
Rubin, B. C. (2007). “Laboratories of democracy”: A situated perspective on learning social studies in detracked classrooms. Theory & Research in Social Education, 35(1), 62–95. doi:10.1080/00933104.2007.10473326.
Article
Google Scholar
Savin-Baden, M. (2000). Problem-Based Learning in higher education: Untold stories. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.
Google Scholar
Savin-Baden, M. (2007). Challenging models and perspectives of problem-based learning. In E. De Graaff & A. Kolmos (Eds.), Management of change: Implementation of problem-based and project-based learning in engineering (pp. 9–30). Rotterdam: Sense Publishing.
Google Scholar
Siemens, G., Gašević, D., & Dawson, S. (2015). Preparing for the digital university: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning. Retrieved from http://linkresearchlab.org/PreparingDigitalUniversity.pdf
Taylor, E. W. (2007). An update of transformative learning theory: A critical review of the empirical research (1999–2005). International Journal of Lifelong Education, 26(2), 173–191. doi:10.1080/02601370701219475.
Article
Google Scholar
Taylor, E. W. (2008). Transformative learning theory. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 5–15. doi:10.1002/ace.301.
Article
Google Scholar
Taylor, E. W. (2016). Teacher transformation: a transformative learning perspective. Italian Journal of Educational Research, 15, 17–26.
Google Scholar
Tibbitts, F. (2005). Transformative learning and human rights education: Taking a closer look. Intercultural Education, 16(2), 107–113. doi:10.1080/14675980500133465.
Article
Google Scholar
Tibbitts, F., & Kirchschlaeger, P. G. (2010). Perspectives of research on human rights education. Journal of Human Rights Education, 2(1), 8–29.
Google Scholar
Trevino, L. K., Lengel, R. H., & Daft, R. L. (1987). Media symbolism, media richness, and media choice in organizations a symbolic interactionist perspective. Communication Research, 14(5), 553–574. doi:10.1177/009365087014005006.
Article
Google Scholar
Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Van Diepen, S. (2013). Information and strategic Internet skills of secondary students: A performance test. Computers & Education, 63, 218–226. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.12.007.
Article
Google Scholar
vanOostveen, R., Muirhead, W., & Goodman, W. (2011). Tablet PCs and reconceptualizing learning with technology. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 8(2), 78–93. doi:10.1108/17415651111141803.
Article
Google Scholar
vanOostveen, R., Desjardins, F., Bullock, S., DiGiuseppe, M. & Robertson, L. (2010). Towards a reconceptualization of online teacher professional learning: Problem-based learning objects (PBLOs). In Proceedings of the Ed-Media Conference on Education Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications. Toronto, ON.
vanOostveen, R., DiGiuseppe, M., Barber, W., Blayone, T., & Childs, E. (2016). New conceptions for digital technology sandboxes: Developing a Fully Online Learning Communities (FOLC) model. Paper presented at EdMedia 2016 World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
vanOostveen, R., Childs, E., Clarkson, J. & Flynn, K. (2015). Becoming close with others online: Distributed community building in online PBL courses. Paper presented at EdMedia 2015 World Conference on Educational Media and Technology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Veletsianos, G. (2016). Digital learning environments. In N. Rushby & D. Surry (Eds.), Wiley Handbook of Learning Technology (p. 242). Oxford: Wiley.
Chapter
Google Scholar
Voogt, J., & Roblin, N. P. (2012). A comparative analysis of international frameworks for 21st century competences: Implications for national curriculum policies. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 44(3), 299–321. doi:10.1080/00220272.2012.668938.
Article
Google Scholar
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning as a social system. Systems Thinker, 9(5), 2–3.
Google Scholar
Wenger, E. C., & Snyder, W. M. (2000). Communities of practice: The organizational frontier. Harvard Business Review, 78(1), 139–146.
Google Scholar
World Economic Forum. (2016). The 10 skills you need to thrive in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Retrieved from http://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-10-skills-you-need-to-thrive-in-the-fourth-industrial-revolution
Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstede’s five dimensions of cultural values at the individual level: Development and validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3–4), 193–210. doi:10.1080/08961530.2011.578059.
Google Scholar