The editors of International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education would like to extend their gratitude to all of the researchers who have dedicated their time and expertise to review manuscripts for the journal in 2021. Without the help of the following experts, the quality of this publication would not be possible.
Leon Abdillah, Indonesia | Chin-Hsi Lin, Hong Kong |
Hassan Abuhassna, Malaysia | Chien-Liang Lin, Taiwan |
Britt Adams, Belgium | Chun Liu, China |
Jordi Adell, Spain | Jorge Lizandra, Spain |
Sandra Leonor Aguirre, Colombia | Josep Lladós, Spain |
Lisa Ahlberg, USA | Joan Llobet, Spain |
Sabrina Ahmad, Malaysia | Martin Lnenicka, Czech Republic |
Seher Ahmad, USA | Edmundo Antonio López Banda, Mexico |
Maria Aires, Portugal | Alexandre López Borrull, Spain |
Murat Akçayir, Turkey | Kaili Lu, China |
Robert Akparibo, UK | Chang Lu, Canada |
Ali H. Al-Hoorie, Saudi Arabia | Johanna Catharina Lubbe, South Africa |
Giovannina Albano, Italy | Amaia Lusa, Spain |
Alaa A. AlDahdouh, Portugal | Charles Lwande, Kenya |
Tahani Z. Aldahdouh, Finland | Juan Daniel Machin-Mastromatteo, Mexico |
Tahani Aldosemani, Saudi Arabia | Alejandra Magana, USA |
Munassir Alhamami, Saudi Arabia | Prodhan Mahbub Ibna Seraj, Malaysia |
Gonzalo Almerich, Spain | Marcelo Maina, Spain |
Elham Alsadoon, Saudi Arabia | Mpine Makoe, South Africa |
Aysha Saeed AlShamsi, United Arab Emirates | Stefania Manca, Italy |
Faisal Alvi, Saudi Arabia | Andrea Mangiatordi, Italy |
Gisela Ammetller, Spain | Sathiamoorthy Manoharan, New Zealand |
María Laura Angelini, Spain | Carlos Marcelo, Spain |
Lilian Anthonysamy, Malaysia | Josep Maria Marco, Spain |
Abhilash Antony, India | Victoria Marín, Germany |
Ahmed Antwi-Boampong, Denmark | Olga Mariño, Colombia |
Deborah Arnold, Spain | Carl Marnewick, South Africa |
Rosa Arrubarrena, Spain | Carl Marnewick, South Africa |
Raidell Avelló, Cuba | Ramon Martí, Spain |
Marta Aymerich, Spain | Monika Martin, Germany |
Ana I. Azevedo, Portugal | Marta Martín, Spain |
Maria Ijaz Baig, Malaysia | Minerva Martínez, Mexico |
Antonio Balderas, Spain | María Jesús Martínez-Argüelles, Spain |
Maha Bali, Egypt | Alejandra Martínez-Monés, Spain |
Ana Balula, Portugal | Maria José Masanet, Spain |
Sofia Balula, Portugal | Maslin Masrom, Malaysia |
David Bañeres, Spain | Carolina Matamala, Chile |
Luis Rodrigo Barba, Ecuador | María Matarranz, Spain |
Abhinava Barthakur, Australia | Maja Matetić, Croatia |
Antonio Bartolomé, Spain | Tony Mays, Canada |
William Beasley, USA | Santiago Mengual, Spain |
Svenja Bedenlier, Germany | Cristina Mercader, Spain |
Per Bergamin, Switzerland | Juan Julián Merelo, Spain |
Roberto Bertolini, USA | Antoni Meseguer, Spain |
Brandford Bervell, Ghana | Nathan Miles, Australia |
Lisa Marie Blaschke, Germany | Russell Millar, New Zealand |
Todd Blayone, Canada | Victoria Mirata, Switzerland |
László Bognár, Hungary | Froilan Mobo, Philippines |
Melissa Bond, Germany | Laurent Moccozet, Switzerland |
Lakshmi Bose, India | Emmanuel Mogaji, UK |
Lisa Bosman, USA | Jordi Mogas Recalde, Spain |
Keith Bowen, USA | Enric Mor, Spain |
Carlos Boya, Panama | António Augusto Moreira, Portugal |
Matteo Bozzi, Italy | Kazuo Mori, Japan |
Eva Brooks, Denmark | Ahmed Mubarak, Yemen |
Mark Brown, Ireland | Kintu Mugenyi Justice, Belgium |
Jennifer Bruton, Ireland | Luthfi Muhyiddin, Indonesia |
Josef Buchner, Germany | Óscar Alexis Muñoz Blandón, Colombia |
Jeffrey Buckley, Sweden | Jenny Myrendal, Sweden |
Carmen Bueno Muñoz, Spain | Jennifer Naimark, USA |
Katja Buntis, Germany | Ehsan Namaziandost, Iran |
Martha Burkle, Canada | Muesser C. Nat, Turkey |
Santi Caballé, Spain | Anand Nayyar, Vietnam |
Chris Campbell, Australia | Ifeanyi Glory Ndukwe, New Zealand |
Neila Campos, Spain | Berty Nsolly Ngajie, China |
José Raúl Canay, Spain | Anchalee Ngampornchai, USA |
Cristina Carapeto, Portugal | Ingrid Noguera, Spain |
Hector Cardona-Reyes, Mexico | Julieta Noguez-Monroy, Mexico |
Selín Carrasco, Argentina | Tom Olney, UK |
Susan Carter, New Zealand | Stefan Oppl, Austria |
Montserrat Casalprim, Andorra | Alejandro Ortega Arranz, Spain |
Gustavo Adolfo Casañ, Spain | Luz Osorio, Colombia |
Linda Castañeda, Spain | Ebba Ossiannilsson, Sweden |
Carlos A. Castillo, Spain | Ana Otto, Spain |
Maria Dolores Castrillo de Larreta-Azelain, Spain | Andreas Papasalouros, Greece |
Eva Cendon, Germany | Rene Paquibut, United Arab Emirates |
Agustín Cernuda del Río, Spain | Wilson Leandro Pardo, Colombia |
Hemlata Chari, India | Alberto Patiño, Peru |
Julia Chatain, Switzerland | Ekaterina Pechenkina, Australia |
Iffat Sabir Chaudhry, United Arab Emirates | Luis Pedro, Portugal |
Dennis Cheek, France | Marta Pellegrini, Italy |
Ken-Zen Chen, Taiwan | Xian Peng, China |
Simon Cheung, Hong Kong | Bernardo Pereira Nunes, Brazil |
James Chircop, UK | Elena Pérez Bernabeu, Spain |
Irene Angélica Chounta, USA | Rocío Pérez de Prado, Spain |
Prathamesh Churi, India | Marco Perini, Italy |
Stefano Colafranceschi, USA | Julie Pescheke, Canada |
César Collazos, Colombia | Mitchell Peters, Spain |
Maria Eugenia Collebechi, Argentina | Jorge Pineda, Colombia |
Ernesto Colomo-Magaña, Spain | José Carlos Piñero Charlo, Spain |
Dianne Conrad, Canada | Isabel Pinho, Portugal |
Timothy D. Corfman, USA | Ana Pinto de Moura, Portugal |
Jamie Costley, Russia | Nelia Maria Pontes Amado, Portugal |
Alastair Creelman, Sweden | Filipe Portela, Portugal |
Janice Kay Currie, Australia | Stella Porto, USA |
Olavo Leopoldino da Silva Filho, Brazil | Abbas Pourhosein Gilakjani, Iran |
Laura Dahl, USA | Miquel Àngel Prats, Spain |
Khalid Dahleez, Palestine | Josep Prieto, Spain |
Olawande Daramola, South Africa | Basilio Pueo, Spain |
Bidyut Das, India | Juliana Elisa Raffaghelli, Spain |
Robert Davis, Korea | Muhammad Rafi, China |
Anne-Marie Julia De Jonghe, Belgium | Hamaad Rafique, China |
Renato de Oliveira, Brazil | Mehrak Rahimi, Iran |
Andrew Deacon, South Africa | Salim Razı, Turkey |
Bronwen Deacon, Germany | Pritika Reddy, Fiji |
Ana Delgado, Spain | Pritika Reddy, Fiji |
Umberto Dello Iacono, Italy | André Renz, Germany |
Ruiqi Deng, China | Charo Reparaz, Spain |
Elena Denisova-Schmidt, Switzerland | Irina Rets, UK |
Renee Desmarchelier, Australia | Luis Humberto Reyes, Colombia |
Frida Díaz Barriga, Mexico | Mireia Ribera, Spain |
Frida Díaz Barriga, Mexico | Paola Ricaurte, Mexico |
Yelkin Diker, Turkey | Helena Rifà, Spain |
Yannis Dimitriadis, Spain | Luiz Rodrigues, Brazil |
Lynn Dittrich, Norway | Elena Rodríguez, Spain |
Blazenka Divjak, Croatia | Juan Carlos Rojas, Mexico |
César Domínguez, Spain | José Ignacio Rojas-Sola, Spain |
Eleanor Jane Dommett, UK | Lucila Romero, Argentina |
Neal Dreamson, Republic of Korea | Marc Romero, Spain |
Josep Maria Duart, Spain | Raymond Rose, USA |
Mariana Durcheva, Bulgaria | Peter Rowlett, UK |
Rubina Dutta, India | Mercedes Ruiz, Spain |
Maryam El asame, Morocco | Aitor Ruiz de la Torre, Spain |
Dalilis Escobar, Spain | Maria Ileana Ruiz-Cantisani, Mexico |
Anna Espasa, Spain | Julio Ruiz-Palmero, Spain |
Elisenda Estanyol, Spain | Iván Ruiz-Rube, Spain |
Vanessa Esteve, Spain | Mar Sabadell, Spain |
Francesc Esteve-Mon, Spain | Maimoona Salam, Malaysia |
Sergi Fàbregues, Spain | Sdenka Zobeida Salas-Pilco, China |
Rabea Faheem, Saudi Arabia | Jesús Salinas, Spain |
Samar Fares, Egypt | Sharipov Muzafar Samandarovich, Uzbekistan |
Muhammad Shoaib Farooq, Pakistan | Ana Sánchez, Spain |
Andrés Bernardo Fernández Revelles, Spain | Michael Sankey, Australia |
Irene Ferrando, Spain | Antonio Sarasa Cabezuelo, Spain |
Patricia Fidalgo, United Arab Emirates | Despoina Schina, Spain |
Ozan Filiz, Turkey | Ulrik Schroeder, Germany |
Darragh Flannery, Ireland | Kyoungwon Seo, Republic of Korea |
Mikhail Fominykh, Norway | Samad Sepasgozar, Australia |
Luke Fryer, Hong Kong | Montse Serra, Spain |
Ping Fu, USA | Enric Serradell, Spain |
Gibran Garcia Mendoza, Japan | Rustam Shadiev, China |
Francisco José García-Peñalvo, Spain | Balamurugan Shanmugam, India |
Alan Garfield, USA | Pau-Loke Show, Malaysia |
Jaime Gaviria, Colombia | Bai Shurui, Hong Kong |
Ann George, South Africa | Juan Eusebio Silva-Quiroz, Chile |
Marco Geraci, USA | Yaduvir Singh, India |
Leonardo Glasserman, Mexico | Tanmay Sinha, Switzerland |
José Andrés Gómez-Romero, Mexico | Peter Sloep, Netherlands |
José Saúl González Campos, Mexico | Annique Smith, South Africa |
Pere Grima, Spain | Ahmed Soomro, Pakistan |
Ani Grubišić, Croatia | Rachel V. Staddon, UK |
Lourdes Guàrdia, Spain | Eliza Stefanova, Bulgaria |
Aneeshta Gunness, Australia | Paola Supino, Italy |
Tiffany Gunning, Australia | Dadang Syarif, Indonesia |
Carolina Guzmán-Valenzuela, Chile | Allan Sylvester, New Zealand |
Tobias Halbherr, Swizterland | Dara Tafazoli, Australia |
Nur Hamid, Indonesia | Wondwesen Tafesse, United Arab Emirates |
Feifei Han, Australia | Pedro Tamayo, Spain |
Marion Händel, Germany | Giedre Tamoliune, Lithuania |
Bobby Harreveld, Australia | Ying Tang, USA |
Kendall Hartley, USA | Zachary W. Taylor, USA |
Tao He, China | Dirk Tempelaar, Netherlands |
Géraldine Heilporn, Canada | Yilian Teng, China |
Itzel Hernandez-Armenta, Mexico | Khor Ean Teng, Singapore |
Martin Hlosta, UK | Margarita Teresevičienė, Lithuania |
Samira Hosseini, Mexico | Jacklyn Thompson, USA |
Shandell Houlden, Canada | Sacip Toker, Turkey |
Shahid Hussain, Australia | Kei Tomita, USA |
Lucy Hutchinson, UK | Francesco Tornabene, Italy |
Abdulsalami Ibrahim, USA | Juan Carlos Torres, Ecuador |
Francisco Iniesto, UK | Van Tran, Vietnam |
Shakeel Iqbal, Pakistan | Maria Alice Trindade, Portugal |
Aminreza Iranmanesh, Turkey | Chun-Yen Tsai, Taiwan |
Cindy Ives, Canada | Sheng-Shiang Tseng, Taiwan |
Bob Ives, USA | Tatsuki Tsujimori, Japan |
Arturo Jaime, Spain | Katerina Tzafilkou, Greece |
Mohammad Golam Jamil, UK | Omer Ulum, Turkey |
Diane Janes, Canada | Lisa Unangst, USA |
Daniel Alberto Jaramillo-Morillo, Colombia | Mireia Usart, Spain |
Riadh Jeljeli, United Arab Emirates | Carolina Useche, Colombia |
Yuchen Jia, China | Maya Usher, Israel |
Rocío Jiménez, Spain | Kutay Uzun, Turkey |
Insung Jung, Japan | Montgomery Van Wart, USA |
Shang Junjie, China | Esteban Vázquez-Cano, Spain |
Rogers Kaliisa, Norway | Koen Veermans, Finland |
Marco Kalz, Germany | Enzo Veltri, Italy |
Lina Kaminskienė, Lithuania | Sebastián Ventura, Spain |
Engin Karadag, Turkey | Frederik Verbeke, Spain |
Halit Karalar, Turkey | Ana Maria Villanueva, USA |
Sa'ar Karp Gershon, Israel | Pantelis Ioannis Volonakis, Greece |
Michael Kerres, Germany | Airina Volungeviciene, Lithuania |
Marta M. Koć-Januchta, Sweden | Huanhuan Wang, China |
Serpil Koçdar, Turkey | Ning Wang, USA |
Vysakh Kani Kolil, India | Elaine Wei, USA |
Theresa Koroivulaono, Marshall Islands | Joshua Weidlich, Germany |
Utku Kose, Turkey | Yohana Dewi Lulu Widyasari, Indonesia |
Yasuhiro Kotera, UK | Tara Winters, New Zealand |
Nane Kratzke, Germany | Bian Wu, China |
Greig Krull, South Africa | Trong-Neng Wu, Taiwan |
Vineet Kumar, India | Alan Wylie, Australia |
Jeya Amantha Kumar, Malaysia | Xiaona Xia, China |
Özlem Efiloğlu Kurt, Turkey | Jun Xiao, China |
Lam For Kwok, Hong Kong | Elaheh Yadegaridehkordi, Malaysia |
Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos, Greece | Noraffandy Yahaya, Malaysia |
Mart Laanpere, Estonia | Silin Yang, Singapore |
Ignasi Labastida, Spain | Harrison Yang, USA |
Sawsen Lakhal, Canada | Nan Yang, China |
Min Lan, Hong Kong | Yuqin Yang, China |
Carla Dorothy Lane, USA | Hatice Yildiz- Durak, Turkey |
Daniel Laurence, Australia | Ozkan Yilmaz, Turkey |
Jihyun Lee, Republic of Korea | Dongwook Yoon, Canada |
Erno Lehtinen, Finland | Zhonggen Yu, China |
Anne Leiser, Germany | Amelia Zafra, Spain |
José Alberto Lencastre, Portugal | Muhammad Zaheer Asghar, Pakistan |
Richard Li, New Zealand | Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Germany |
Qian Li, China | Yunxiang Zheng, China |
Michael Lightfoot, Malta | Gaoxia Zhu, USA |