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Table 4 Categories of responses to items NotLiveCampReason, RecOnlyWhy, and RecOnlyReason

From: Attending lectures in person, hybrid or online—how do students choose, and what about the outcome?

Label

Description

AloneCampus

Did not know fellow students, would have felt alone on campus

BadStructPrep

Lecture was badly structured or ill-prepared

BadTiming

The timing of the materials over the course of the semester was not optimal

BetterLearn

Could learn better outside the lecture hall

BetterNotes

Could better take note outside the lecture hall

Binge

Would watch all lecture recordings back-to-back

COVID

Ongoing COVID-19 situation

CampWorkSpace

Watched on-campus, but outside the lecture hall

CareTaker

Had to take care of relatives or pets

Commute

Had to commute long-distance to campus

DoubleBook

Had another lecture at the same time

Efficient

Learning was more efficient outside the lecture hall

FellBehind

Fell behind in the course and could not follow live lectures anymore

Flipped

Course was taught in a flipped-classroom mode

FocusExercise

Focussed on the exercises

FocusScript

Focussed on the script

Habit

Had developed a habit of not coming to campus

HomeOfficeEnv

Home office had better environment (technology, table, chair, etc.)

HybridGood

Hybrid worked well even for interactivity

Language

Student or lecturer struggled with German

Lazy

I was too lazy (explicitly stated)

LecHallEnv

Lecture-hall environment (noise, tables, chairs, crowdedness, etc.)

MedDisab

Medical reasons or disability (surgery, depression, ADHD, etc.)

MilCivServ

Had to serve in the military or alternative civil service

MultCampus

Due to the multiple campus locations and their distance

NoDiff

Made no difference how I attended (explicitly stated)

NoHelpExercise

Lecture did not help with exercices

NoInterest

I was not interested in the topic (explicitly stated)

NoLive

No live lectures were offered

NonInteract

Lecture was not interactive

NotNew

Material was not new to me

NotUseful

Lecture was not useful for me

OffSem

Exam would be in a later semester

OtherPrio

Had other priorities, was too busy

PlayFaster

Could play the recordings at higher speed

PlayPauseRew

Could pause or rewind the recordings

PracTime

Was more practical time-wise

PrevSemRec

Watched recordings from previous semesters

Projects

Was too busy doing project work

RatherLive

Would have rather come to live lecture

Scheduling

Scheduling did not work out

ScreenShots

Was able to make screenshots of the slides

Sports

Had sports (training, competitions)

StudyAbroad

Was studying abroad

TooBoring

Lecture was too boring

TooDistract

Got too easily distracted in live lecture on campus

TooEarly

Lecture was too early in the morning

TooFast

Lecturer was too fast

TooSlow

Lecturer was too slow

Work

Had to work (jobs, internships, assistantships, etc.)