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Table 4 Digital Competence level by type of establishment. Source: Prepared by the author

From: Assessing digital competence and its relationship with the socioeconomic level of Chilean university students

 

Municipal

Private Subsidized

Private

Digital competency area and indicator

Mean

Standard deviation

Mean

Standard deviation

Mean

Standard deviation

1. Information and digital literacy

0.460

0.169

0.484

0.159

0.532

0.153

Navigate, search, and filter data, information, and digital content

0.301

0.267

0.329

0.275

0.368

0.250

Evaluate data, information, and digital content

0.500

0.283

0.538

0.262

0.541

0.253

Digital data, information, and content management

0.579

0.233

0.595

0.218

0.687

0.210

2. Online communication and collaboration

0.566

0.136

0.587

0.127

0.620

0.131

Interact through digital technologies

0.484

0.294

0.507

0.282

0.611

0.231

Sharing through digital technologies

0.625

0.241

0.655

0.254

0.666

0.247

Citizen participation through digital technologies

0.644

0.258

0.686

0.255

0.736

0.227

Collaboration through digital technologies

0.449

0.289

0.469

0.267

0.451

0.270

Online behavior

0.729

0.215

0.736

0.216

0.763

0.181

Digital identity management

0.464

0.249

0.466

0.238

0.493

0.315

3. Digital content creation

0.448

0.142

0.457

0.143

0.477

0.165

Content development

0.582

0.294

0.592

0.269

0.590

0.277

Integrating and re-elaborating digital content

0.533

0.243

0.551

0.257

0.576

0.281

Copyright and intellectual property licenses

0.389

0.267

0.414

0.292

0.409

0.285

Programming

0.288

0.245

0.272

0.248

0.333

0.275

4. Network security

0.715

0.150

0.739

0.140

0.767

0.113

Device protection

0.800

0.246

0.817

0.224

0.854

0.205

Personal data and privacy protection

0.737

0.263

0.751

0.241

0.798

0.214

Health and wellbeing protection

0.653

0.243

0.675

0.241

0.715

0.227

Environmental protection

0.607

0.233

0.714

0.220

0.701

0.185

5. Problem solving

0.454

0.155

0.481

0.162

0.517

0.175

Technical problem solving

0.584

0.238

0.572

0.244

0.569

0.237

Identifying technological needs and responses

0.458

0.261

0.510

0.290

0.527

0.298

Creative use of digital technology

0.259

0.260

0.307

0.278

0.284

0.283

Identifying gaps in digital skills

0.515

0.286

0.534

0.271

0.687

0.286

Total Scale of Digital Competence

0.535

0.101

0.556

0.093

0.589

0.098