Table 4 Results of the paired-sample t-test
From: Flipping the flipped class: using online collaboration to enhance EFL students’ oral learning skills
Group | Pre-test | Post-test | t | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | |||
RFG | 4.91 | 0.62 | 5.00 | 0.20 | 0.68 | .507 |
PFG | 5.08 | 0.57 | 5.53 | 0.13 | 5.57*** | .000 |
TC | 5.08 | 0.57 | 5.44 | 0.10 | 4.07** | .001 |