Table 4 Descriptive data and independent sample t-tests of the pre-test results
Engagement factor | Learning group | No | Mean | Std. D | t value | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Skills | Experimental group Control group | 60 58 | 34.81 23.34 | 1.34 1.79 | 4.086 | 0.001* |
Participation/Interaction | Experimental group Control group | 60 58 | 21.05 13.26 | 1.09 1.43 | 2.210 | 0.002* |
Performance | Experimental group Control group | 60 58 | 25.86 14.60 | 1.47 1.35 | 2.071 | 0.003* |
Emotional | Experimental group Control group | 60 58 | 24.93 13.07 | 1.84 2.03 | 2.909 | 0.001* |
Average score | Experimental group Control group | 60 58 | 38.87 | 1.80 | 4.738 | 0.003* |
26.13 | 2.17 |