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Table 5 Meta-category: teacher’s role and course relationships

From: An examination of teachers’ strategies to foster student engagement in blended learning in higher education

Main category and related strategies

Description

Explicitation_Beginning

Teachers explaining course organizational aspects, objectives, and expectations (asynchronous and synchronous modes) at the beginning of the semester

Explicitation_CourseOrganization

Teachers clearly explain organizational aspects for synchronous and asynchronous modes of blended courses

Explicitation_ExpectationsObjectives

Teachers clearly states course objectives and expectations for synchronous and asynchronous modes

Relationships_TrustFromBeginning

Teachers establishing trusting relationships between students and with the teacher from the beginning of the semester

InitiateRelation_SharingActivities

Use of ice-breaking or sharing activities at the beginning of the semester

PersonalizedContacts

Teacher has personalized contacts with students (use their names, discussions)

PeerSharingDuringSemester

Peer evaluation or other peer-to-peer sharing to enhance relations

Guide_AsyncSync

Teachers guiding students throughout the semester, both synchronously and asynchronously

ExplainGoals

Teachers clearly explain goals of activities

RecallDeadlinesOrOther

Teachers recall deadlines and what to focus on (often asynchronously)

QuestionRealignRelaunch

Teachers relaunch students during activities (questioning, realigning, challenging)

GlobalFeedback

Teachers provide feedback to the whole group of students

IndividualFeedback

Teachers provide individual feedback (text, audio, video)

RecallPresenceAvailability

Teachers explicitly recall their availability and presence to support students

IndividualSupportOnDemand

Teachers provide additional support to students when needed (outside regular contacts)

  1. Boldface: meta-categories and categories of teachers’ strategies
  2. Regular text: teachers’ strategies inside a category
  3. *Sign: a strategy for a specific blended modality or at a specific university level