From: Undergraduate students’ conceptual interpretation and perceptions of haptic-enabled learning experiences
Pretest
Posttest
Gain = posttest – pretest
Category
Mean
Std. dev.
Mean gain
t
p-value
Undergraduate-physics (n = 22)
5.59
2.08
6.82
1.79
1.22
3.029
0.006
High-school physics (n = 8)
4.25
1.75
7.62
1.68
3.37
4.473
0.003