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Table 1 Country category of cultural dimensions

From: Generative AI and the future of higher education: a threat to academic integrity or reformation? Evidence from multicultural perspectives

Cultural dimension

Rating

Country example

Power distance

  

Power is unequal

56–100

Russia, India, Nigeria, Bangladesh etc

Power is equal

0–49

Denmark, Canada, UK, USA, Sweden etc.

No preference

50–55

Italy, Pakistan

Individualism

  

Individual

51-above

Australia, Finland, USA, UK etc.

Collectiveness

0–49

Bangladesh, Malaysia, Nigeria etc.

No preference

50

NIL

Masculinity

  

Masculine

51–above

Nigeria, Germany, China, Austria, etc

Feminine

0–49

Finland, Norway, Sweden, Saudi Arabia

No preference

50

Malaysia, Pakistan, Burkina Faso

Uncertainty avoidance

  

Uncertainty avoidance

56–above

Greece, Bangladesh, Egypt, Japan, etc

Uncertainty accepting

0–49

UK, USA, China, India, Singapore, etc

No preference

50–55

Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya, Burkina Faso, etc

Long-Term orientation

  

Long-term

56-above

China, Germany, Japan, Italy, etc.

Short-term

0–49

USA, Nigeria, Finland, Saudi Arabia, etc.

No preference

50–55

UK, India, Pakistan

Indulgence

  

Indulgence

56-above

Canada, UK, USA, Nigeria, Sweden, etc.

Restraint

0–47

Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bangladesh, etc.

No preference

48–55

Singapore