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Table 8 Independent-samples t-test for the experimental groups’ progress in reading skill

From: Brain-based CALL in flipped higher education GE courses held through LMS: Boosting vocabulary learning and reading comprehension

 

Levene’s test for equality of variances

t-test for equality of means

F

Sig

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean difference

Std. error difference

95% Confidence interval of the difference

Lower

Upper

Dif.RC

Equal variances assumed

0.714

0.402

− 2.189

59

0.033

− 2.883

1.317

− 5.519

− 0.247

Equal variances not assumed

− 2.194

58.44

0.032

− 2.883

1.314

− 5.514

− 0.253