International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education

Table 7 Results of sequential analysis of log data in the paired-learning with an unfamiliar peer condition

From: A familiar peer improves students’ behavior patterns, attention, and performance when learning from video lectures

Z-score	Pa	Pl	GF	GB	TE	SE
Pa	− 7.55	− 3.73	− 4.36	1.10	20.74	− 7.27
Pl	20.86	− 7.37	− 0.16	0.98	− 6.92	− 7.37
GF	− 1.91	− 2.38	13.42	1.10	− 1.98	− 4.96
GB	1.61	− 0.48	1.77	6.78	− 2.79	− 4.96
TE	− 6.43	− 7.37	− 5.24	− 3.60	− 7.53	28.76
SE	− 6.98	21.43	− 1.86	− 4.61	− 2.60	− 6.92

Pa: Pause; Pl: Play; GF: Go forward; GB: Go backward; TE: Type explanation; SE: Send explanation. Values in bold indicate that the behavior path is significant (p < 0.05)

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