Table 2 Means (M) and Standard Deviations (SD) for all variables, possible range noted in brackets
Variable | Individual-learning condition (n = 28) | Unfamiliar peer condition (n = 30) | Familiar peer condition (n = 29) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
IOS (1, 7) | / | / | 1.17 | 0.38 | 4.00 | 1.49 |
Prior knowledge (0, 6) | 1.66 | 0.69 | 1.42 | 0.68 | 1.43 | 0.78 |
Learning time (s) | 623.61 | 99.185 | 603.73 | 93.52 | 572.76 | 88.66 |
Motivation (7, 42) | 27.04 | 6.95 | 26.37 | 6.34 | 31.31 | 4.57 |
Percentage dwell time (%) | ||||||
Video lecture area | 88.23 | 6.21 | 87.28 | 6.63 | 88.42 | 6.21 |
Generation area | 11.77 | 6.21 | 11.26 | 6.48 | 10.33 | 5.91 |
Peer area | / | / | 1.46 | 1.30 | 1.25 | 1.18 |
Cognitive load (2, 18) | 12.57 | 1.64 | 11.90 | 2.80 | 12.93 | 2.09 |
Learning outcomes | ||||||
Retention (0, 8) | 4.03 | 2.10 | 4.00 | 2.08 | 5.28 | 1.41 |
Transfer (0, 9) | 4.75 | 2.04 | 5.50 | 1.79 | 5.69 | 1.42 |