Table 5 Summary of three aspects for learners’ use of AI applications in supporting self-regulated learning
Aspect | Theme | Code |
|---|---|---|
Learner identity | Developing learner | Learner changeability Learner growth potential |
Differentiating learner | Learner difference | |
Learner activeness | AI dependence | Behavior modification Impeding cognitive efforts |
Learner-AI cooperation | Time-efficiency Just-in-time Convenience | |
Learner agency | Content modification Process-oriented | |
Learner position | Independent learner | Cognitive support Providing specific feedback Learning efficiency Objective evidence Self-understanding |
Dependent learner | Irrelevance to grades Ideal standard Selective disclosure Relevant to the exam Teacher-dependency Teacher preference |