Table 9 The mean and standardized deviation of learning performance between scaffolding DGBLs and cognitive styles
Scaffolding DGBL | Cognitive style | Learning effect | Learning efficiency | Overall learning performance | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ||
Non- scaffolding | Serialist | 77.000 (77.458) | 9.599 (2.081) | − 0.793 (− 0.611) | 1.052 (.237) | − 0.784 (− 0.692) | 0.900 (0.492) |
Holist | 77.059 (76.973) | 12.507 (1.954) | − 0.961 (− 1.269) | 1.732 (.223) | − 0.779 (− 1.105) | 1.173 (0.462) | |
Hard scaffolding | Serialist | 91.053 (92.292) | 7.696 (1.366) | 0.664 (0.761) | 0.758 (0.127) | 0.958 (1.131) | 1.414 (0.236) |
Holist | 85.333 (85.804) | 6.935 (1.585) | 0.007 (− 0.081) | 0.687 (0.148) | 0.448 (0.340) | 0.857 (0.274) | |
Soft scaffolding | Serialist | 85.000 (85.774) | 9.636 (1.965) | 0.001 (0.045) | 0.951 (0.197) | 0.065 (0.012) | 1.559 (0.379) |
Holist | 92.186 (92.661) | 9.656 (1.901) | 0.894 (0.881) | 0.782 (0.190) | 1.160 (1.135) | 1.529 (.367) | |