Table 1 Experimental design
Group | Pretest | Experimental treatment | Posttest |
|---|---|---|---|
Control group | 1. Water-saving prior knowledge 2. Cognitive style 3. Learning emotion | Non-scaffolding DGBL | 1. Water-saving knowledge (learning effect) 2. Learning emotion 3. Cognitive load |
Experimental group I | Hard scaffolding DGBL | ||
Experimental group II | Soft scaffolding DGBL |