Code | Definition | Example |
---|---|---|
Operation | ||
Sharing information | Providing an opinion or information | “I will prepare more videos to share with the class when things get boring.” |
Seeking information | Proposing of an original question | “The speaker only shared the first two points. Does anyone know the last three points?” |
Wayfinding | ||
Commenting without elaboration | Commenting on others’ ideas without elaboration | “Your sharing is very interesting!” |
Requesting elaboration | Requesting for more information or inviting discussion | “I am wondering if there [are] any good examples to teach different levels of students.” |
Providing elaboration | Adding explanation or justification of one’s own ideas | (After proposing a solution). “If adults are feeling sleepy in class, they must be really tired.” |
Summarizing | Summarizing knowledge with little evaluation | “I agree with my previous classmates’ ideas, such as instant Q&A from A; separate tasks from B, and a change in topics from C.” |
Sense-making | ||
Analyzing | Analyzing essential features, comparison, and reasons | “The discrepancy between staff needs and training requests was a key factor!” |
Evaluating | Stating a stance with justification | “Your suggestion is inspiring! Giving students more opportunities to talk could change passive listening into active participation!” |
Innovation | ||
Reflecting | Reflecting on one’s prior experience or learning outcomes | “A big mistake I made was that I started with pronunciation and tried to teach from A to Z.” |
Creating | Creating new ideas by making suggestions, extending understanding, and introducing new points or resources | “You may initiate e-learning in a less formal setting such as a tutorial class and give teachers detailed examples of how e-learning works.” |