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Table 3 Means and standard deviations of Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) and Multicultural Personality (MPQ) for pre-survey, post-survey, and gain scores

From: The effectiveness of Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) on intercultural competence development in higher education

 

US experimental

US control

NL experimental

NL control

N

M

SD

N

M

SD

N

M

SD

N

M

SD

CQS presurvey

29

3.19

0.44

31

3.18

0.57

24

3.40

0.58

24

3.38

0.54

CQS postsurvey

29

3.34

0.55

29

3.04

0.69

24

3.52

0.59

24

3.55

0.45

CQS gain score

29

0.18

0.58

29

− 0.10

0.34

24

0.12

0.36

24

0.17

0.35

CQS META gain score

29

0.09

0.80

29

− 0.20

0.54

24

0.05

0.57

24

0.04

0.50

CQS COG

gain score

29

0.40

0.87

29

0.09

0.57

24

0.20

0.43

24

0.38

0.56

CQS MOT

gain score

29

0.10

0.64

29

− 0.30

0.46

24

0.05

0.51

24

0.08

0.51

CQS BEH

gain score

29

0.08

0.92

29

− 0.03

0.64

24

0.15

0.53

24

0.12

0.58

MPQ presurvey

29

3.42

0.40

31

3.35

0.32

24

3.39

0.33

24

3.42

0.32

MPQ postsurvey

29

3.42

0.38

29

3.38

0.27

24

3.38

0.39

24

3.44

0.24

MPQ gain score

29

0.00

0.30

29

0.05

0.18

24

− 0.01

0.24

24

0.02

0.29

  1. CQS: Cultural Intelligence, CQS META: Metacognitive, CQS COG: Cognitive, CQS MOT: Motivational, CQS BEH: Behavioural, MPQ: Multicultural Personality Questionnaire