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Table 2 Reliability and validity measures

From: Perceptions and factors affecting the adoption of digital games for engineering education: a mixed-method research

Constructs

Item codes

Mean score

Standard deviation

Factor Loading

AVEa

Cronbach’s Alpha

CRa

Performance expectancy (PE)

PE_1

4.36

0.90

0.864

0.681

0.847

0.895

PE_2

4.67

0.84

0.794

PE_3

4.50

0.90

0.802

PE_4

4.53

0.96

0.839

Effort expectancy (EE)

*EE_1

   

0.764

0.845

0.906

EE_2

4.62

0.94

0.81

EE_3

4.51

0.91

0.896

EE_4

4.67

0.95

0.913

Social influence (SI)

SI_1

4.63

1.03

0.724

0.674

0.784

0.86

SI_2

4.30

1.03

0.892

SI_3

4.76

0.95

0.838

Facilitating condition (FC)

*FC_1

   

0.757

0.707

0.861

FC_2

4.52

1.14

0.785

FC_3

3.97

1.31

0.948

Hedonic motivation (HM)

HM_1

4.02

0.99

0.936

0.878

0.931

0.956

HM_2

4.18

0.94

0.947

HM_3

3.96

1.07

0.928

Behavioural intentions (BI)

BI_1

3.40

1.15

0.888

0.753

0.836

0.901

BI_2

3.64

1.17

0.894

BI_3

4.26

1.22

0.819

  1. *Removed due to low outer loading (< 0.7); aAverage Variance Extracted; bComposite Reliability; Item codes represent individual questions associated with a given constructs