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International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education

Table 5 Estimation of the second-order construct of platform value

From: How learner engagement impacts non-formal online learning outcomes through value co-creation: an empirical analysis

Second-order construct

First-order constructs

Standard loadings

t-statistics

Composite reliability

Platform value

Functional value

0.770

20.139

0.961

Emotional value

0.892

38.459

Social value

0.874

33.692

Personalized value

0.891

38.402

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