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Table 4 Estimation result of the quadratic regression model

From: Social networking sites use and college students’ academic performance: testing for an inverted U-shaped relationship using automated mobile app usage data

Variables

Unstandardized coefficients

Std. error

Sig. level

Daily average minutes spent on social networking sites

0.0083

0.003

0.002

Daily average minutes spent on social networking sites squared

− 0.0000467

0.000

0.000

Daily average minutes spent on smartphone

− 0.0001

0.001

0.868

Gender (male = 1, female = 0)

0.477

0.111

0.000

Academic year (second year = 0, third year = 1)

0.015

0.168

0.929

Department

   

Accounting dummy (reference category)

Management dummy

0.244

0.141

0.083

Marketing dummy

0.588

0.221

0.008

Intercept

2.584

0.219

0.000

  1. Model summary: No of observations = 40, R2 = 0.61, F = 12.75, p < 0.000