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Table 2 Descriptive statistics and pairwise correlation of study variables

From: Social networking sites use and college students’ academic performance: testing for an inverted U-shaped relationship using automated mobile app usage data

Variables

Mean

St. dev

Min

Max

(1)

(2)

(3)

(1) Semester GPA

3.24

0.52

1.46

4.00

1

  

(2) Daily average minutes spent on social networking sites

86.28

64.60

5.61

280.50

− 0.457***

1

 

(3) Daily average minutes spent on social networking sites squared

11,512.73

17,461.01

31.53

78,680.25

− 0.554***

0.949***

1

(4) Daily average minutes spent on smartphone

257.45

111.635

26.97

479.39

− 0.188n.s

0.632***

0.588***

  1. ***P < .01; n.s. = not significant