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Table 4 Sample coding scheme nodes and data

From: Debugging behaviors of early childhood teacher candidates with or without scaffolding

Sample nodes

Sample excerpts

Rationale for a comment (suggestion, decision), or an action during debugging

“No, look if it's going that way, that means this wheel is faster. So I slow it down and I've been slowing it down and it’s been going the same. I'll slow it down to like 10 and see what happens.” (Pearl & Gale, Class 2 video)

Successful trial-and-error

“Bam, you're out of control. … Yay, it's working! Like in the world's smallest circle… I mean a square.” (Irina & Meg, Class 2 video)

Unsuccessful trial-and-error

“Yeah. Mine literally does nothing… No matter whatever. Nothing...” (Diane & Sue, Class 3 video)

Did better than expected

“Yeah, I definitely think I did better than any would have expected... I wouldn't have expected that I would be able to program something and like identify a problem and fix it type thing.” (Gwen, Interview)