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Table 5 Survey results of course interaction and satisfaction and comparison between two groups

From: Effects of using mobile instant messaging on student behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement: a quasi-experimental study

Group

M (SD)

Mdn

Mean rank

Min

Max

Statistical test results

Mann–Whitney U

Wilcoxon W

Z

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)

Students’ peer interaction

 MIM

20.9 (4.3)

21.5

22.0

7.0

25.0

229.500

439.500

− 0.890

0.374

 AOD

22.0 (3.5)

22.0

25.5

10.0

25.0

Student–teacher interaction

 MIM

20.9 (4.3)

21.0

20.6

6.0

25.0

201.500

411.500

− 1.502

0.133

 AOD

22.1 (3.5)

22.0

26.5

10.0

25.0

Course satisfaction

 MIM

21.0 (4.0)

21.0

20.7

8.0

25.0

201.000

411.000

− 1.518

0.129

 AOD

22.3 (3.5)

23.0

26.6

10.0

25.0

Overall evaluation

 MIM

62.8 (11.8)

64.0

20.6

21.00

75.0

202.500

412.500

− 1.463

0.143

 AOD

66.4 (10.2)

69.0

26.5

30.00

75.0