Table 3 Instructional materials for the flipped classes (based on Brown, 2018)
Criteria | Continuums | Low-tech FI | Mid-tech FI |
|---|---|---|---|
Sources | High quality versus homemade | Homemade | Rather high quality |
Teachers’ personal touch and presence in students’ out-of-classroom experience versus a curated blend of sources | Personal touch | Both personal touch and curated | |
Consistency and simplicity versus an engaging mix of media and formats | Consistency and simplicity | Mix of media | |
High tech versus low tech | Low tech | Mid tech | |
Video recordings | Talking head video | ✓ | ✓ |
Talking-head-style but with instructor writing on a whiteboard | ✓ | ✓ | |
Talking-head-style but with instructor seated at a desk | ✓ | ✓ | |
Talking-head-style but with instructor in conversation with colleague or another professional | – | – | |
Demo of an activity in appropriate setting | – | – | |
Supportive tools and formats | Interactive learning objects built with specialized software | – | ✓ |
Text-based options (books, eBooks, pdf files, quizzes) | – | ✓ | |
Platform | A freestanding website | – | ✓ |
An LMS | – | – | |
Single-point access | ✓ | – |