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Table 4 Independent samples test

From: Chatbot to improve learning punctuation in Spanish and to enhance open and flexible learning environments

 

Levene’s test for equalilty of variances

t-Test for equalilty of means

F

Sig

t

df

Sig. (2—tailed)

Mean difference

Std. error difference

95% Confidence interval of the difference

Lower

Upper

Pretest

Equal variances assumed

0.042

0.437

− 0.431

101

0.667

− 0.66478

1.54196

− 3.72361

2.39404

 

Equal variances not assumed

  

− 0.431

100.635

0.667

− 0.66478

1.54257

− 3.72496

2.39540

Posttest

Equal variances assumed

0.745

0.290

1.960

101

0.000

3.66403

1.86908

− 0.04373

7.37178

Equal variances not assumed

  

1.961

100.991

0.000

3.66403

1.86889

− 0.04336

7.37141