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Table 4 Meta-category: selection of teaching and learning activities

From: An examination of teachers’ strategies to foster student engagement in blended learning in higher education

Main category and related strategies

Description

Activities_ActiveInteractive

Teachers proposing active or interactive teaching and learning activities

Async_DigitalToolsSupport

Asynchronous use of digital tools

Sync_ActiveLearning

Synchronous active or interactive activities

LongitudinalAssessment

Use of a longitudinal assessment/project in several deliverables throughout the semester

*Undergrad_FrequentOLAssess

In undergraduate courses, frequent online assessments

*Undergrad_PollInteractiveApps

In undergraduate courses, use of poll applications (synchronously)

ActivitiesTopicsResources_Relevance

Teachers selecting activities, topics, and resources that are relevant for students

LinksWithPractice_ConcreteEx

Links with practice (or life) and concrete examples, expert participation

HotTopics_For_Debates

Selection of hot topics for stimulating debates

Sync_Deepens_Async

Enhanced relevance when synchronous meetings deepen previous asynchronous activities (apply, integrate, etc.)

*Grad_PersonalLearningGoal

In graduate courses, inviting students to find their own individual goal

*Grad_ExperienceSharing

In graduate courses, students share about their practice/experience

TopicsOrOther_Choices

Teachers providing choices in topics, resources, or assignment formats

ChoicesTopics

Students can choose their preferred topic for a discussion or assignment

ChoicesResources

Students have some choices in pedagogical resources

ChoicesFormats

Students can choose their preferred format for an assignment

  1. Boldface: meta-categories and categories of teachers’ strategies
  2. Regular text: teachers’ strategies inside a category
  3. *Sign: a strategy for a specific blended modality or at a specific university level