Table 2 Effect sizes for Mann–Whitney U Test and Kruskal–Wallis H Test
|  | Mann–Whitney U Test (gender) | Kruskal–Wallis H Test (age) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Scores | Effect size | Scores | Effect size | |
Engagement | 250.50, p = .12 Z = − 1.57 N = 101 | .31 (moderate) | Chi square = 2.23 p = .33, df = 2 N = 100 | .10 (small) |
Motivation | 333.50, p = .63 Z =− .49 N = 101 | .10 (small) | Chi square = 5.01 p = .08, df = 2 N = 101 | .36 (moderate) |
Content | 294.00, p = .39 Z =− .86 N = 98 | .17 (small) | Chi square = 1.39 p = .50, df = 2 N = 97 | .16 (small) |
Procedure | 335.50, p = .68 Z =− .42 N = 100 | .08 (small) | Chi square = .99 p = .61, df = 2 N = 100 | .21 (small) |