Table 4 Eta Squared Values for Significant ANOVAs
From: Integrating students’ perspectives about online learning: a hierarchy of factors
Independent Variables | Critical Success Factors (from most to least important) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic online modality | Instruct-ional support | Teaching presence | Cognitive presence | Online Social Comfort | Online interactive modality | Social presence | |
Graduate vs. Undergraduate Graduates rate these factors higher than undergraduates | Â | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | Â | 0.05 | Â |
Age Elder students rate this factor higher | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.03 | Â |
Work Status Working students rate these factors higher | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | Â | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Ethnicity Latino and White rate basic online modality and instructional support higher; API rate social presence higher | 0.02 | 0.03 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.03 |
Discipline No significant difference found across 5 disciplines | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Online Experience Students who have taken more online classes rate all these factors higher | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |