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Table 3 Successful and non-successful repair moves and what they refer to according to Lyster and Ranta (1997)

From: Error correction and repair moves in synchronous learning activities

Successful repair moves

Definition

Non-successful repair move

Definition

Repetitions

A student’s repetition to the teacher’s feedback

Yes/no answer

A simple yes or no answer to the teacher’s feedback

Incorporations

A student’s repetition of the correct form provided by the teacher

Hesitations

A student’s hesitation to the teacher’s feedback

Self-repairs

Self-corrections

Same error

A repetition of the same error

Peer repairs

Peer corrections provided by another student or classmate

Different error

A response to the teacher’s feedback, but including a different error