Table 2 Corrections, their definition based on Lyster (2001), Lyster and Ranta (1997)
From: Error correction and repair moves in synchronous learning activities
Correction strategy | Definition |
|---|---|
Recasts | A recast is what the teacher says with the purpose of helping a student notice his or her mistakes. Teacher implicitly reformulates all or part of the student’s utterance. |
Elicitation | Elicitation is a technique by which the teacher gets the learners to give information rather than giving it to them. Teacher directly elicits a reformulation from students by asking questions. |
Explicit corrections | Teacher supplies the correct form and clearly indicates that what the student had said is incorrect. |
Repetitions from the teacher | Repetition of all or part of the utterance containing the error, often accompanied by a change in intonation |
Clarification requests | An utterance indicating a problem in comprehension, accuracy or both |
Metalinguistic feedback | Comments, information or questions that may or may not contain metalanguage but do not include the reformulation related to the ill-formedness of the utterance |