Patterns of student collaborative learning in blended course designs based on their learning orientations: a student approaches to learning perspective

Table 6 Comparison of the standardized SNA measures

n	Standardized SNA measures	UC	MC	RC
1	Average degree (average collaborations)	2.361	2.218	1.607
2	Betweenness (capacity of students to gather information)	0.0025	0.0006	0.0007
3	Closeness (total distance to reach other students)	0.545	0.606	0.775
4	Eccentricity (distance to reach students in the furthest in the network)	3.625	3.064	1.911
5	Eigenvector (connection strength to neighbourhood nodes)	0.233	0.249	0.163
6	Network clustering coefficient (tendency to form closely knitted groups)	0.323	0	0
7	Network density (collaboration intensity)	0.025	0.015	0.024
8	Network modularity (discernibility of collaborative groups)	0.872	0.920	0.937

UC Understanding Collaboration pattern, MC Mixed Collaboration pattern, RC Reproducing Collaboration pattern