Table 3 Sources of the scales used in the study
From: Explaining persistence in online courses in higher education: a difference-in-differences analysis
Scales | Sources |
|---|---|
UTAUT model (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and behavioral intention) | Khechine and Lakhal (2018), Khechine et al. (2014), Lakhal (2019), Lakhal et al. (2013), Lakhal and Khechine (2016, 2017), Venkatesh et al. (2003) |
Anxiéty | Khechine and Lakhal (2018), Lakhal and Khechine (2021), Loyd and Gressard (1984), Loyd et al. (1987) |
Employer encouragement | Heilporn and Lakhal (in revision), Kember et al. (1992) |
Engagement | Brault-Labbé and Dubé (2010) |
Satisfaction | |
Learning community | Heilporn and Lakhal (2020) |
Persistence | Heilporn and Lakhal (2021), Joo et al. (2011), Lakhal (2019), Strevy (2009) |