Table 11 Data transformation methods
From: Predicting academic success in higher education: literature review and best practices
Methods | Application in EDM | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
Normalization | All fields | (Putpuek et al., 2018) |
Discretization | Numeric variable | – |
Conversion to numeric | Letter grades | (Anuradha & Velmurugan, 2015) |
Level combination | Attendance, assignements, letter grades, CGPA | (Almarabeh, 2017; Anuradha & Velmurugan, 2015; Mohamed & Waguih, 2017; Putpuek et al., 2018; Sivasakthi, 2017; Yassein et al., 2017) |