Skip to main content

Table 3 Comparison of Swiss university and South African university Panels’ Rankings of the Selected Challenges

From: Challenges and contexts in establishing adaptive learning in higher education: findings from a Delphi study

Swiss university (19 participants, 16 items)

South African university (10 participants, 11 items)

D

Category

Rank

Challenge Item

Mdn

M

SD

D

Category

Rank

Challenge Item

Mdn

M

SD

O

Management

1

forming required competences & expertise in staff

12

10.7

3.7

O

Institutional strategies

1

Institutional commitment to adaptive learning

9.5

7.9

3.4

O

Management

2

Providing personnel & financial resources

13

10.6

4.4

T

Perceptions & beliefs

2

Negative attitude towards technology

9.0

7.7

3.6

O

Institutional strategies

3

Institutional commitment to adaptive learning

11

10.5

4.3

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

3

Accessibility & availability of necessary technical/physical infrastructure

8

7.6

2.9

T&L

Instructional & curriculum elements

4

(Re) designing instructional materials & courses

10

10.2

4.6

O

Management

4

Providing technical & didactical support to lecturers

7

6.7

2.4

T&L

Lecturer characteristics

5

Need for professional development

9

10.1

3.1

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

5

Affordable private internet access

7.5

6.3

3.7

O

Institutional strategies

6

Further development of the “Distance University” strategy

12

10.0

5.8

O

Management

6

Providing personnel & financial resources

6.5

5.9

3.6

T

Perceptions & beliefs

7

Recognising advantages of adaptive learning

10

9.4

3.6

O

Management

7

Participative implementation of adaptive learning

3.5

5.2

2.9

T&L

Instructional and curriculum elements

8

Meaningful combination of classroom & online instructions in “blended learning” models

10

9.2

5.1

O

Management

8

Hiring instructional designers

4.5

5.0

3.0

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

9

Usability

9

8.6

4.1

T&L

Learner characteristics

9

Developing digital literacy & media skills

5.5

5.0

3.1

T&L

Instructional and curriculum elements

10

Shift to adaptive teaching & learning

5

7.5

4.9

T&L

Lecturer characteristics

10

High staff-workload

5

4.8

2.1

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

11

Robustness of adaptive learning systems

8

7.3

4.3

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

11

Usability

4

3.9

2.4

O

Resources

12

ROI: research on effectiveness of adaptive courses

7

7.2

5.5

       

T&L

Instructional and curriculum elements

13

Developing self-regulated learning skills

6

6.7

4.3

       

O

Management

14

Providing support & training to students

7

6.3

3.8

       

O

Management

15

Agile, successive implementation of adaptive learning

6

5.9

4.0

       

T

Infrastructure, hard-& software

16

Learning analytics

5

5.7

3.8

       
  1. Note: D Dimension, T technology, T&L teaching and learning, O organisation, M mean, Mdn median, SD standard deviation