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Table 4 Top five disengagement indicators

From: Mapping research in student engagement and educational technology in higher education: a systematic evidence map

Rank

Cognitive DSE

Behavioural DSE

Affective DSE

1

Opposition, rejection (n = 20, 8%)

Half-heartedness (n = 19, 8%)

Frustration (n = 33, 14%)

2

Pressured (n = 16, 7%)

Distracted (n = 11, 5%)

Disappointment and other (n = 18, 7%)

3

Other (n = 12, 5%)

Unfocused, inattentive (n = 9, 4%)

Worry, anxiety (n = 17, 7%)

4

Unwilling and avoidance (n = 9, 4%)

Absence (n = 8, 3%)

Boredom (n = 10, 4%)

5

Feeling overwhelmed (n = 8, 4%)

Poor conduct and giving up (n = 7, 3%)

Disinterest (n = 10, 4%)

  1. Note. DSE Student disengagement