The roles of academic engagement and digital readiness in students’ achievements in university e-learning environments

Table 3 Discriminant validity analysis

Latent dimensions	AVE	Fornell-Larcker					HTMT
Latent dimensions	AVE	AP	AE	DR	EA	ET	AP	AE	DR	EA	ET
Academic performance (AP)^a	1.000	1.000					–
Academic engagement (AE)	0.601	0.303	0.775				0.331	–
Digital readiness (DR)	0.668	0.086	0.310	0.817			0.094	0.366	–
E-learning adoption (EA)	0.785	0.105	0.207	0.260	0.886		0.115	0.246	0.295	–
E-learning attitude (ET)	0.834	0.021	0.143	0.238	0.454	0.913	0.026	0.160	0.267	0.502	–